Radio Link Performance of Third Generation (3G) Technologies For Wireless Networks

v
Table of Contents

Table of Contents v
Table of Figures viii
List of Tables xxiii
Chapter 1 - Introduction 1
1.1 The Need for Third-Generation Wireless Technologies 1
Chapter 2 - Evolution of Wireless Technologies from 2G to 3G 3
2.1 The Path to Third Generation (3G) 3
2.2 GSM Evolution 5
2.3 TDMA (IS-136) Evolution 6
2.4 CDMA (IS-95) Evolution 6
2.5 Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) 7
2.6 PDC 8
Chapter 3 – General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Link Performance 9
3.1 GPRS Data Rates 9
3.2 Link Quality Control 9
3.3 GPRS Channel Coding 10
3.4 Simulations on GPRS Receiver Performance 12
3.4.1 Background to the Research on GPRS Receiver Performance 12
3.4.2 GPRS Link Performance in Noise Limited Environments 12
3.4.3 GPRS Link Performance in Interference Limited Environments 15
3.5 GPRS Uplink Throughput 19
3.6 Discussion 23
Chapter 4 – Enhanced Data Rates for the GSM Evolution (EDGE) Link Performance 24
4.1 EDGE Modulations and Data Rates 24
4.2 Link Quality Control 25
4.3 EDGE Channel Coding 26
4.4 Simulations on EDGE (EGPRS) Receiver Performance 33
4.4.1 Background on the Research of EDGE Receiver Performance 33
4.4.2 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BER) Link Performance 34
4.4.2.1 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BER) Link Performance in Noise Limited
Environments 34
4.4.2.2 EDGE Bit Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Interference
Limited Environments 42
4.4.3 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance 49
4.4.3.1 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Noise Limited
Environments 49
4.4.3.2 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Interference
Limited Environments 58
4.4.4 EDGE Link Performance with Receiver Impairments 66
4.4.4.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) 66

vi
4.4.4.2 EDGE Block Error Rate (BLER) Link Performance in Noise Limited
Environments with EVM and Frequency Offset 67
4.4.4.3 Block Error Rate (BLER) Performance in Interference-Limited
Environments with EVM and Frequency Offset 72
4.5 EDGE (EGPRS) Downlink Throughput Simulations 76
4.5.1 Downlink Throughput in Noise Limited Environments 77
4.5.2 Downlink Throughput in Interference Limited Environments 82
4.6 Discussion 86
Chapter 5 – Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) Link Performance 87
5.1 WCDMA Channel Structure 87
5.1.1 Transport Channels 87
5.1.1.1 Dedicated Transport Channel (DCH) 88
5.1.1.2 Common Transport Channels 89
5.1.2 Physical Channels 90
5.1.2.1 Uplink Physical Channels 91
5.1.2.2 Downlink Physical Channels 91
5.1.3 Mapping of Transport Channels to Physical Channels 92
5.2 Channel Coding and Modulation 93
5.2.4 Error Control Coding 93
5.2.5 Uplink Coding, Spreading and Modulation 95
5.2.5.1 Channel Coding and Multiplexing 95
5.2.5.2 Spreading (Channelization Codes) 98
5.2.5.3 Uplink Scrambling 101
5.2.5.4 Uplink Dedicated Channel Structure 103
5.2.5.5 Modulation 104
5.2.6 Downlink Coding and Modulation 105
5.2.6.1 Channel Coding and Multiplexing 105
5.2.6.2 Spreading (Channelization Codes) 107
5.2.6.3 Downlink Scrambling 108
5.2.6.4 Downlink Dedicated Channel Structure 109
5.2.6.5 Downlink Modulation 110
5.3 WCDMA Power Control Mechanisms 111
5.4 Simulations on WCDMA Link Performance 113
5.4.1 Background to the Simulation Results 113
5.4.2 Simulation Environments and Services 114
5.4.2.1 The Circuit Switched and Packet Switched Modes 115
5.4.3 Downlink Performance 117
5.4.3.1 Speech, Indoor Office A, 3 Km/h 118
5.4.3.2 Speech, Outdoor to Indoor and Pedestrian A, 3 Km/h 120
5.4.3.3 Speech, Vehicular A, 120 Km/h 122
5.4.3.4 Speech, Vehicular B, 120 Km/h 124
5.4.3.5 Speech, Vehicular B, 250 Km/h 126
5.4.3.6 Circuit Switched, Long Constrained Data Delay – LCD, Multiple
Channel Types 128
5.4.3.7 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 144, Vehicular A 130
5.4.3.8 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 384, Outdoor to Indoor 132

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5.4.3.9 Unconstrained Data Delay - UDD 2048, Multiple Channel Types 134
5.4.4 Downlink Performance in the Presence of Interference 136
5.5 Discussion 138
Chapter 6 - Conclusions 139
Appendix A - Abbreviations and Acronyms 142
References and Bibliography 145
VITA 149


















viii
Table of Figures

Figure 2-1 - Evolution of Wireless Technologies from 2G to 3G. TDMA – Time Division
Multiple Access; UWC – Universal Wireless Consortium; GSM – Global System
For Mobile Communications; GPRS – General Packet Radio Services; HSCSD –
High Speed Circuit Switched Data, EGPRS – Enhanced GPRS; ECSD – Enhanced
Circuit Switched Data; PDC – Pacific Digital Cellular; UMTS – Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System;; CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access; WCDMA
– Wideband Code Division Multiple Access; IMT-2000 – International Mobile
Telecommunications 3
Figure 3-1 - Radio Block structure for CS-1 to CS-3 [Source: 3GP00a]. 10
Figure 3-2 - Radio Block structure for CS-4 [Source: 3GP00a] 11
Figure 3-3 –Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus Eb/No performance, static AWGN channel, 900 MHz. No antenna diversity.
Burst synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the
training sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and
correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per
coding scheme.Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 13
Figure 3-4 – Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus Eb/No performance, TU50 no FH, 900 MHz. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. No antenna diversity. Burst synchronization recovery based on the
cross-correlation properties of the training sequence. Soft output equalizer.
Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-
3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits
[Source: 3GP01a] 13
Figure 3-5 – Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus Eb/No performance, RA250 no FH, 900 MHz. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. No antenna diversity. Burst synchronization recovery based on the
cross-correlation properties of the training sequence. Soft output equalizer.
Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-
3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits
[Source: 3GP01a] 14
Figure 3-6 – Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus Eb/No performance, TU50 no FH, 1800 MHz. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. No antenna diversity. Burst synchronization recovery based on the
cross-correlation properties of the training sequence. Soft output equalizer.
Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-
3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits
[Source: 3GP01a] 14
Figure 3-7 - Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus Eb/No performance, TU50 ideal FH, 1800 MHz. Varying fading occurring
during one burst; independent fadings over consecutive bursts. No antenna diversity.
Burst synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the
training sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and

ix
correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per
coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 15
Figure 3-8 – Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus C/I performance for TU3 without FH, 900 MHz. One single interfering
signal. Varying fading occurring during one burst. No antenna diversity. Burst
synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the training
sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction
for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding
scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 16
Figure 3-9 - Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER)
versus C/I performance for TU50 without FH, 900 MHz. One single interfering
signal. Varying fading occurring during one burst. No antenna diversity. Burst
synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the training
sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction
for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding
scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 17
Figure 3-10 – Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate
(BLER) versus C/I performance for TU50 with ideal FH (900 MHz). One single
interfering signal. Varying fading occurring during one burst; independent fadings
over consecutive bursts. No antenna diversity. Burst synchronization recovery based
on the cross-correlation properties of the training sequence. Soft output equalizer.
Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-
3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits
[Source: 3GP01a] 17
Figure 3-11 - Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate
(BLER) versus C/I performance for RA250 without FH, 900 MHz. One single
interfering signal. Varying fading occurring during one burst. No antenna diversity.
Burst synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the
training sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and
correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per
coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 18
Figure 3-12 - Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate
(BLER) versus C/I performance for TU50 without FH (1800 MHz). One single
interfering signal. Varying fading occurring during one burst. No antenna diversity.
Burst synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties of the
training sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding and
correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks per
coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 18
Figure 3-13 - Downlink General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate
(BLER) versus C/I performance for TU50 with ideal FH, 1800 MHz. Varying fading
occurring during one burst; independent fadings over consecutive bursts. No antenna
diversity. Burst synchronization recovery based on the cross-correlation properties
of the training sequence. Soft output equalizer. Channel decoding: FIRE decoding
and correction for CS-1; CRC only for CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. 40,000 radio blocks
per coding scheme. Data block size=456 bits [Source: 3GP01a]. 19

x
Figure 3-14 - General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) uplink throughput versus C/I for
TU3 without FH. The crosses correspond to the points where BLER=10%. One
single interfering signal. Variable mean lognormal C/I distribution with standard
deviation of 7 dB. Single - slot mobile stations. Single Packet Data Channel (SPDC)
dedicated to data traffic. Traffic model: Poisson distribution of packet of packet
inter-arrival time and Railway traffic model for packet length. In compliance with
the GPRS MAC/RLC protocol. Throughput in kbytes/s (1byte=8 bits). Response
time between mobile station and base station is 2 TDMA frames [Source: 3GP01a].
20
Figure 3-15 - General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) uplink throughput versus C/I for
TU50 without FH. The crosses correspond to the points where BLER=10%. One
single interfering signal. Variable mean lognormal C/I distribution with standard
deviation of 7 dB. Single - slot mobile stations. Single Packet Data Channel (SPDC)
dedicated to data traffic. Traffic model: Poisson distribution of packet of packet
inter-arrival time and Railway traffic model for packet length. In compliance with
the GPRS MAC/RLC protocol. Throughput in kbytes/s (1byte=8 bits). Response
time between mobile station and base station is 2 TDMA frames [Source: 3GP01a].
21
Figure 3-16 - General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) uplink throughput versus C/I for
TU50 with ideal FH. The crosses correspond to the points where BLER=10%. One
single interfering signal. Variable mean lognormal C/I distribution with standard
deviation of 7 dB. Single - slot mobile stations. Single Packet Data Channel (SPDC)
dedicated to data traffic. Traffic model: Poisson distribution of packet of packet
inter-arrival time and Railway traffic model for packet length. In compliance with
the GPRS MAC/RLC protocol. Throughput in kbytes/s (1byte=8 bits). Response
time between mobile station and base station is 2 TDMA frames [Source: 3GP01a].
21
Figure 3-17 - General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER) versus
C/I performance for TU3 without FH (900 MHz). The arrows indicate the highest
throughput range of each coding scheme. One single interfering signal. Variable
mean lognormal C/I distribution with standard deviation of 7 dB. Single - slot
mobile stations. Single Packet Data Channel (SPDC) dedicated to data traffic.
Traffic model: Poisson distribution of packet of packet inter-arrival time and
Railway traffic model for packet length. In compliance with the GPRS MAC/RLC
protocol. Response time between mobile station and base station is 2 TDMA frames
[Source: 3GP01a] 22
Figure 3-18 - General Radio Packet Services (GPRS) Block Error Rate (BLER) versus
C/I performance for TU50 with ideal FH (900 MHz). The arrows indicate the
highest throughput range of each coding scheme. One single interfering signal.
Variable mean lognormal C/I distribution with standard deviation of 7 dB. Single -
slot mobile stations. Single Packet Data Channel (SPDC) dedicated to data traffic.
Traffic model: Poisson distribution of packet of packet inter-arrival time and
Railway traffic model for packet length. In compliance with the GPRS MAC/RLC
protocol. Response time between mobile station and base station is 2 TDMA frames
[Source: 3GP01a] 22
Figure 4-1 – 8PSK signal constellation (Grey coded) [Fur98] 24

xi
Figure 4-2 - EGPRS Modulation and Coding Schemes. Three families - A, B and C have
been defined. Family applies to MCS-6, MCS-8 and MCS-9. Family B applies to
MCS-5 and MCS-7. Family C applies to MCS-1 and MBS-4. [3GP00a] 27
Figure 4-3 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-1. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 28
Figure 4-4 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-2. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 29
Figure 4-5 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-3. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 29
Figure 4-6 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-4. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 30
Figure 4-7 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-5. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 30
Figure 4-8 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-6. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 31
Figure 4-9 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-7. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 31
Figure 4-10 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-8. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 32
Figure 4-11 - Coding and Puncturing for MCS-9. USF=Uplink Sate Flag; BCS=Block
Check Sequence; TB=Tail Bits; E=Extension bit ;RLC=Radio Link Control;
MAC=Media Access Layer; FBI=Final Block Indicator [3GP00a] 32
Figure 4-12 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS4 (GMSK), static
AWGN channel, 900 MHz, no frequency hopping, no antenna diversity. Automatic
Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over four data blocks.
Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 35
Figure 4-13 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS4 (GMSK), TU50 no
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 35
Figure 4-14 - Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
ideal Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. [ET99a] 36
Figure 4-15 - Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), RA250 no
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 36

xii
Figure 4-16 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), HT100 no
Frequency Hopping, no antenna diversity, 900 MHz. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 37
Figure 4-17 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
ideal Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading
occurring during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied.
Interleaving over four data blocks. [ET99a] 37
Figure 4-18 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), HT100 no
Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 38
Figure 4-19 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), static
AWGN channel, no Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Ideal
Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving over two data blocks.
Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 38
Figure 4-20 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), TU50 no
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 39
Figure 4-21 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), TU50 ideal
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. [ET99a] 39
Figure 4-22 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), RA250 no
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 40
Figure 4-23 -Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), HT100 no
Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 40
Figure 4-24 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), TU50 ideal
Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. [ET99a] 41
Figure 4-25 – Downlink Bit Error Rate (BER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), TU50 ideal
Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving
over two data blocks. [ET99a] 41
Figure 4-26 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU3
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst
.One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 43

xiii
Figure 4-27 - Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU3
ideal FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst .One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 44
Figure 4-28 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst
.One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 44
Figure 4-29 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
ideal FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst. One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 45
Figure 4-30 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), RA250
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst.
One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency offset.
One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200 kHz of
frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 45
Figure 4-31 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
ideal FH, 1800 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst. One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 46
Figure 4-32 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), TU3
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst.
One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency offset.
One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200 kHz of
frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 46
Figure 4-33 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), TU3
ideal FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst. One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 47
Figure 4-34 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), TU50
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst.
One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency offset.
One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200 kHz of
frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 47
Figure 4-35 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), TU50
ideal FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst. One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 48

xiv
Figure 4-36 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), RA250
no FH, 900 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one burst.
One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency offset.
One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200 kHz of
frequency offset. One time slot per frame. [ET99a] 48
Figure 4-37 – Downlink Bit Error Rate versus C/I for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (GMSK), TU50
ideal FH, 1800 MHz, no reception diversity. Varying fading occurring during one
burst. One source of co-channel interference, de-correlated in time with 0 frequency
offset. One source of adjacent channel interference, de-correlated in time with 200
kHz of frequency offset. [ET99a] 49
Figure 4-38 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS1-to MCS4 (GMSK), static
AWGN channel, 900 MHz, no frequency hopping, no antenna diversity. Automatic
Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over four data blocks.
Measurements for one slot per time frame. [ET99a]. 51
Figure 4-39 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
no Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 51
Figure 4-40 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50
ideal Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst. Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. [ET99a] 52
Figure 4-41 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK),
RA250 no Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading
occurring during one burst Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied.
Interleaving over four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame.
[ET99a] 52
Figure 4-42 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK),
HT100 no Frequency Hopping, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading
occurring during one burst Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied.
Interleaving over four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame.
[ET99a] 53
Figure 4-43 – Downlink Block Error Rate for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK), TU50 ideal
Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring
during one burst Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied. Interleaving over
four data blocks. [ET99a] 53
Figure 4-44 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-1 to MCS-4 (GMSK),
HT100 no Frequency Hopping, 1800 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading
occurring during one burst Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) not applied.
Interleaving over four data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame.
[ET99a] 54
Figure 4-45 – Downlink Block Error Rate (BLER) for MCS-5 to MCS-9 (8PSK), static
AWGN channel, 900 MHz, no antenna diversity. Varying fading occurring during
one burst Ideal Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) assumed. Interleaving over two
data blocks. Measurements for one time slot per frame. [ET99a] 54

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